Screening for cancer in children
Childhood cancers are rare , and there are no widely recommended screening tests to look for cancer in children who are not at increased risk .
Some children have a higher chance of developing a specific type of cancer because of certain gene changes they inherit from a parent. These children may need careful, regular medical check-ups that include special tests to look for early signs of cancer.
Children's types of cancer
Other types of cancers are rare in children, but they do happen sometimes. In very rare cases, children may even develop cancers that are much more common in adults.
Treating cancer in children
Treatment for childhood cancer is based mainly on the type and stage (extent) of cancer. The main types of treatment used for childhood cancer are:
Some types of childhood cancers might be treated with high-dose chemo followed by a stem cell transplant. And newer types of treatment, such as targeted therapy drugs and immunotherapy, are becoming increasingly important in treating some types of childhood cancers
Resources
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-in-children/how-are-childhood-cancers-treated.html
https://www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-in-children-and-young-people
Prostate cancer is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death in males in the UK, accounting for 14% of all cancer deaths in males. In females and males combined, prostate cancer is the 3rd most common cause of cancer death in the UK, in total 7% of all cancer deaths in 2017.
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The prostate is a gland the size and shape of a walnut that is responsible for sperm production. It grows bigger as men get older. The prostate is situated underneath the bladder and surrounds the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine out of the body.
Prostate cancer develops when cells in the prostate begin to grow in an uncontrolled way. In many cases, prostate cancer grows slowly to cause any problems or affect the life span, which is why men affected do not require treatment, however in some cases prostate cancer grows and spreads quickly, which causes problems and requires treatment to stop cancer from spreading.
Men vulnerable to prostate cancer are usually aged 50 or over, have a history of prostate cancer in the family, or are of black origin. The common symptoms of prostate cancer are:
difficulty starting to urinate
a weak flow when urinating
urinating more often than usual
dribbling urine after finishing urinating
feeling of a full bladder after urinating
sudden urges to urinate, dribbling urine
weight loss
back pain
blood in the urine
More about prostate cancer :
Sources
Cancer Research UK. Cancer incidence for common cancers: Ten most common cancers in males (2015) [Internet]. 20148 [2018] http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/incidence/common-cancers-compared#heading-One
Office for National Statistics November 2018. Similar data can be found here: http://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths.
Scotland October 2018 http://www.isdscotland.org/Health- Topics/Cancer/Publications/index.asp Prostate Cancer UK
https://prostatecanceruk.org/prostate-information/about- prostate-cancer
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